Origin of Oswals

Mr. C. M. Lodha


There are different opinions about the origin of Oswals .The popular ones are,Opinion of Jain Acharyas

According to ‘Upkesh Gachh Pattawali’ Acharya Sri Ratna Prabh Suri did his ‘Chathurmas’ in the Veer Sanwat year 70 at Upkeshpur Pattan and he addressed the king and his people and converted them into Jains. Changing religion is not a big thing but to make a community to follow non-violence from violence was a historical achievement. He preached that Yagya & Havana were all against the Jainism and made all of them mahajan.

Accordingly to Upkesh Gachh Pattawali, the Raja or King of Srimal Pattan had 2 sons – Utpaldev and Sripunj. One day Utpaldev teased Sripunj, so Sripunj got angry and said, “you are giving me orders as if you have won this kingdom by your own means and power”

Utpaldev immediately realised this and he left the city with his friend Uhad and met Raja Sadhu of Dhelipur (Delhi). With his blessings he built a new city Upkeshpur. As the farming of sugar cane (Ganna) was done on that place, the name of the city was kept as Upkeshpur, which in a short time became famous as Upkeshpur Pattan. The city was about 12 yojans in length and 9 yojans in breadth. Many traders, scholars, Brahmins settled in this new city of Upkeshpur Pattan.

Acharya Ratna Prabh Suri-The city of Raganpur in the state of Vidyadhar was ruled by Raja Mahendra Chud. The queen Mahadevi Laxmi gave birth to a son who was named ‘Ratna Chud Vidhyadhar’. Ratna Chud was a great scholar, very brilliant and had skills in many Vidhyas. One day when he was flying in his ‘Viman’ (plane), it stopped near Mount Abu. On inquiry it was found that Acharya Sri Swamprabh Suri was passing by. Ratna Chud got down from his plane and bowed to the Acharya. From the preaching’s of Acharya he became disciple of Acharya and took ‘Disksha’ in the year Veer Sanwat 52. After getting skilled in various philosophical, intellectual and spiritual rites he became Acharya.

One day Acharya Sri Ratna Prabh Suri was touring near Abu, ‘Chakreshwari Devi’ came and asked Acharya if he could visit Upkeshpur Pattan then the Jain religion could be spread much faster. So the Acharya along with his 500 disciples reached Upkeshpur Pattan.

In Upkeshpur Brahmins were very powerful. They had blessings from the king in doing Havan, yagya etc. So when Acharya came the brahmins did not allow the Acharya to enter the city. So the Acharya and disciples were forced to stay on Lunadri mountain. All saints were under the ritual of ‘Maas Shraman’ (Fasting for a month) so in the evening after evening prayer (Pratikraman) the Acharya ordered to return back in the morning.

At night ‘Chamunda Devi’ came and bowed to Acharya and asked for forgiveness that she had forgotten the message of Chakreshwari Devi because she was busy in dancing. She requested the Acharya that she would create ‘maya’ so that the citizens will welcome Acharya and disciples. However in the morning Acharya announced to his disciples, that saints busy in Ghor Tapasya to stay and the rest to move else where. 465 saints left and 35 remained to continue the fasting and Tapasya.

The daughter, Saubhagya Kumari of Raja Utpaldev got married to Trilok Singh son of the minister Uhad. A snake bite Trilok singh at night when they both were sleeping. So he died. In the morning when the funeral procession was going Chamunda Devi appeared in saints form and told people why they were taking a living man for funeral and disappeared.

Every body discussed and some people told that they had seen similar saints on Lunadri mountain. All went there with the procession, there the Devi again reappeared in saints dress and told that the sadhus have divine powers. If you sprinkle hot water poured on the Acharya toe on the prince body the prince would regain life. This was immediately done and as expected the prince was back to life.

The whole city was overjoyed. The Acharya and his disciples were treated with full honour and respect and they entered the city. Crowd was cheering with Jai-Jaikar. Acharya stopped in front of the fort and said to remove luxurious things like carpets etc. than only they can enter. All decoration and luxuries were removed and than Acharya and his disciples entered in the palace. When the king offered jewels etc. to Acharya, he said, “Oh king, we have already left all material things long back and we remain busy in tapasya and prayers to the almighty, we have no pleasures even in seeing these things.“ Everyone was surprised.

When the sermon was given then they found out how better the Jain Religion is. The greater happiness can be found by sacrifice and religious ceremonies. The wealth, prosperity and physical pleasures are worldly desires. They increase sorrow & unhappiness at the end. This road leads to hell. The road to heaven is in sacrifices, donations, Dhyan, meditation etc. Before the birth the child faces 9 months of acute hell. The pain at the time of labor cannot be explained. By the action of sacrifices and meditation all pleasures can be gained.

In the year Veer Sanwat 70 the Acharya did his chaturmas (where Muni stay in a place for 4 months) The Acharya and his disciples broke the fast there and due to his continued preaching and sermons 1500 men and 3000 women became sadhu and Sadhvi and 140,000 people adopted Jainism.

The foundation day of Oswals-According to Muni Sri Gyan Sunderji the foundation day of Oswals falls on the fourteenth day of Krishna Paksha in the month of Shravan. All Jain-Oswals celebrate this with sacrifice, prayers and meditation.

The KULDEVI of Oswals-The KULDEVI of Oswals is “Maa Jagat Bhawani Sachhiyay Mata”.
There was a big temple of Chamunda Mata in Upkeshpur presently known as Osiya situated near Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The temple was known for chamatkars and therefore everybody prayed to Chamunda Mata. In Navratri buffaloes were butchered. People used to give offerings of flash of buffaloes to please the Devi. The Acharya Shri Ratna Prabh Suri stopped this practice of animal killing. Because of this the goddess got angry and she created pain in the eyes of Sri Acharya. He did not do anything but continued with the suffering, when Devi found out that no reaction has taken place, she was ashamed. She asked forgiveness from the Acharya. Acharya explained that, “You better not allow killing of animals as offering to you, by asking your devotees to offer you flashes of buffaloes or other animals you are doing your own harm. You will have to face all the wrong that are committed in your name, you have been made Goddess because of your good actions but now you will have to face the hell “ The Goddess got enlightened she told Acharya,” from today no more such killings would be allowed in the temple and even red colored flower shall not be offered. I will accept Prasad & Lapsi, my worship will be done by kesar, chandan (Sandal wood) and Dhup (incense sticks). I will be happy as long as people are devoted to lord Mahavira. I will fulfill all the prayers of my devotees.’

Acharya told from today you are Sachhi Mata. From that day Chamunda mata became and known as Sachhiyay Mata.

The Jain Mandir of Lord Mahavira at Osiya-It is believed and said that Sachhiyay mata was devoted in the Bhakti of lord Mahavira so much so that she decided to build a temple for Lord Mahavira.

The Upkeshpur king had a holy cow. A vary mysterious thing started happening. Everyday in the evening when the cow returns from jungle, she had no milk left. This continued for a while. The person looking after the cows was asked to explain why at particular place cows carried no milk. The shepherd explained that while the cow was roaming in a heightened land the milk flowed out from her automatically in all the four directions, when the milk was finished the cow returned to the herd. Next day also same scene was seen by thousands of people. King Utpal Dev was informed of the incident. Next day the king, the Prime minister & several thousand people gathered and saw the scene. The king narrated the incident to Acharya Sriji and acharya sri ji understood that this was the work of Chamunda Devi. Next day at the auspicious hour, the place was dug up and a deity of lord Mahavira made up of sand was retrieved. In the digging also 9 laks gold coins were also found which were melted and the idol of God Mahavira was covered with gold. Later a temple was built. It is said that the opening Pratistha (the way in which deity is installed) was done by Acharya sriji on Thursday the 5th day of shukla panchami in the year Veer Samvat 70. At the same time Acharya by his Devik powers did Pratistha for another Lord Parshvanath temple in Konarpur, which was miles away from Osiya.

Views/ Philosophy of Bhats and CharansAccording to the writing of Bhats and Charans, the Oswal community was founded in year Vikram Sanwat 222. According to historian Mr. Pooran Chand Nahar and Daulat singh Bhati the oswal community came into existence in 222. However Jagga Shah of Abha Nagri made a big procession of Oswals in 222 and Jagga Shah was Oswal. Which means Oswals were in existence even before 222 but they were called Mahajans and not Oswals.

It is believed that before year 222 all Oswals were of Mahajan community. In year 222 there was a big meeting of Mahajans in Khandela (Near Jaipur) in that meeting Mahajans from Osiya (Upkeshpur), Srimal Nagar, Khandela, Pali, Agrova, Pragvat Nagar etc. came and attended. From that day all the Mahajans were named according to their places. Like from Osiya Oswals, from Srimal Srimali, From Khandela Khandelwal, from Pali Palliwal, from Agrova Agarwal and from Pragvat Porwal etc. Therefore in 70 AD Mahajans came in existence and 222 Ad Oswals came in existence.

Historical ViewSome of the historians like Sri Pooran Chand Nahar, Dr. Bhandarkar, Agarchand Nahata , Hira Chand Ojha, Jagdish Singh Ghelot, Mohnot, Nensi are of the view that Oswals came in existence during the period between 70 AD and 222 AD.

Dr. Bhandarkar says that Utpaldev once asked for Shelter with Parihar king. The Parihar king gave the permission to re-build Bhelpur Pattan. It is said that shelter which was given is called Oslakiya (means take shelter) which later on was turned as Osiya. This was in 9th century.
According to Sohan Raj Bhansali the Oswals started from 8th century.

Osiya in history-The archeological team found many old samples, statues of olden times in Osiya. In the temple of Osiya there is a deity of Harihar, which is half Shiva & half Vishnu, which is vary ancient. The paintings found in Osiya include Vasudeva with baby Krishna on his head, Krishna fighting with horse, Killing of Putna, Kalidaman, Govardhan dharan, butter stealing etc. from the same comes the interesting images of Balram which seem to represent him as the incarnation of Seshnaga.

In olden days Osiya was a very big town. Osiya’s Telivada was situated 3 miles away in Tinvari village, at 6 miles is Pandit ji ki Dhani (small Village which is Pandit pur), at another 6 miles away village Kshatripura, at 24 miles is Lohavat which was place iron smiths colony of Osiya. There were 108 Jain temples in Osiya.

Present Osiya is situated about 40 KM from Jodhpur, Rajasthan. It is connected by road & train with Jodhpur and Pokharan.

ConclusionsThe Bhat, Charans and historians have believed Utpaldev as Parmar after seeing his name in Upkesh gachh Pattawali and concluded that he is the founder of Oswal dynasty, just by finding name of Utpaldev in Parmar dynasty it cannot be concluded that Oswals originated from there.

According to poet Rishab Das book (Hari Vijay Sri Ras) Agar Chand Nahata concludes that Oswals originated in 510 by Sri Ratna Suriji

According to ‘Mahir Stavan’ and ‘Oswal utpati Vratant’ it is Vikram Sanvat 1011 – 15. Dr. Laxmi Mal Singhvi concluded that Oswal originated in 5th century BC. Mr. Bhansali concluded 8th century .Sri Sukh Sampat Raj Bhandari Concludes Vikram Samvat 508.

According to ‘mathuri vachan 2nd’, Skandal Suri (357-360) stated about Mathura resident Oswal Polak who made description on the Tadpatra and gave to various saints there. Which means Oswals were in existence in Mathura before 4th century.

According to Col. Todd hundreds of people of Kshatriya community settled in Osiya gram and were later called Oswals.

Munsi Devi Prasad has written a book “Rajputane ki khoj”. As per that an idol of Lord Mahavira found in Kota while digging and on that name of Bhaisa Shah and V.S. is written, Bhaisa Shah is of Aditya Nag Gotra. Which proves that Oswals were in existence before V.S. 508.

Nadars - Who Are they

By: Dr. M.Immanuel


Nadars are one of the earliest inhabitants of our land, Bharat, which was later called by the Arabs as "Al Hind". In Biblical times they were known as the "People of Five Rivers". But their origin is in the South, known to us as "Komari Land" which is the originator of the great Mediterranean Culture extending to African, Australian and Middle East countries.

The pre-historic Tamil stays witness to this fact.Their links with the Chaladeans, Syria, Ur, Cambodia, Java, Sumatra, China, etc., are well established by historians.

The first historian of the world, Herodotus writes about this. He tells that in 400 BC,the Palmyra-Tappers were Valiant Fighters and good Navigators and Noble Tradesmen, dealing with inter-Continental Trade, in Purple. They have made settlements in Syria, and taught the art of writing to the Greeks and the Ionians. They also have spread the Culture of 'Burial' to the world. They exported processed Palm-Juice (in the chemical form of Alcohol) to countries like Egypt, for purification and preservation of the dead-bodies (Mammys).

Unfortunately, the history of the early Tamils, the aboriginal Nadars, with their 250 branches, has been tarnished, modified and fabricated to bring fame to the Aryan invaders. Mostly these changes have been made after the Muslim invasions, with the support of the Aryan Brahmins and some of the rival groups of the ruling tribes and the Aryan Agents. These 'Agents' are still at work. Many records were kept in our glorious Hindu Tamples. But most of them were destroyed by the 'Agents'. All joined hands to destroy and denigrate the original ruling class of the land, the Nadars. Ofcourse, there was no Caste system in the early Sangam period . It was a later creation of the Brahmanical class to exploit the wealth of the country.

By the end of the 12th century AD, huge properties attached to our Hindu Temples were made over to the Brahmins as "Gifts". The fall of the Nadars began. There were multi-Lingual Revolutions all over the Bharat Bhoomi by which Tamil was corrupted and Sanskrit took strong hold. Thus Tanjore, one of the strong holds of the Tamil Nadars, was defamed. Valamkaimaalai, one of the Palm-Leaf records with the Nadars, speaks about their history. This book is equivalent to the Pali Text, "Mahavamsa" of the Buddhists. History prooves that the major groups of the Nadars were once Jains and Buddhists. "Mahavira, the originator of Jainism was a Nadar Saint". The Nadars were known as "Vrishnis (the gotra of Lord Krishna), Madhuwar, Tvashtri, and also as 'Jnatri' in Sanskrit", in the Northern provinces of India. Villavas, the Ayes - Idaya (Yadava) or the 'Hidas', referred to by the king 'Chanta-Ashoka' were Nadars. It was only to destroy the aboriginal Tamil or Dravidian Race of India, that in the 8th century AD, 8000 Jains were sent to the gallows in a single day, by the instigation of the Brahmin Priests, during the times of Thirugnanasmbandar.

And, by the 15th century AD,Nadars were weakened by the Nayaks because of the in-fights and dis-unity among the Nadar brothers. In the year 1664 the Nadars were kept away from their own temples and their Royal 'Western-Gate'. Leaders like Kali Kaatha Perumal Nadar, Navab Kumara Marthandan Nadar have fought to regain the power. They were cheated and killed . There were more than 108 types of taxes imposed on the Nadars barring them from assembling in a goup to re-construct their army for re-building their kingdom. There are Stone Inscriptions to prove this. The tortures on the Nadars were so inhuman that in the 17th and 19th centuries the Christian Missionaries found a great 'Fishing Field' in the Nadar dominant areas. But for the Missionaries, this race would have been totally exterminated as planned by the Aryan Agents. But the mis-interpretation of 'Nadar' as a 'Low-Caste' was the result of the Missionary sympathy Propaganda. It is very unfortunate. Sanskrit dictionary tells Nadar as a 'Royal Race'. Although the Missions have economically helped the Nadars to survive, they have not mentioned the high qualities and the valuable 'Sastras' possessed by the Nadars in places like Madurai and Kanniyakumari. These rare records of Varma sastra, Kalari, Vaidyam, Astronomy, Tharka sastra, ect., which are not found even in the Sanskrit language; especially the Varma sastra found among Kanniyakumari Nadars.

So, from the 16th to 19th century AD, the Nadars had to struggle under the new Caste system imposed by the Aryan Agents and had to fight hard to come up socially, economically and politically. It was during these periods that the great Fights like "The Temple Entry Movement, The Upper Cloth Revolution, The Human Rights Movements" by many leaders like Vellayyan Nadar,Mooka Nadan, WPA.Soundara Pandyan Nadar, Ayya Mudisoodum Perumal, Marshal A.Nesamony, etc., were fought and won over. The "Sack of Sivakasi" is another example of the struggle. There are still many more.

There are more than 45 books about the history of the Nadars. The most known one presently, in English is that of Robert Hardgrave, an American. He pictures Nadars only as a "Toddy Tappers" to pull down Kamaraj's political growth. Another Westerner, Dennis Templeman wrote to divide the Nadars as of South and North, to weaken them.This method of dividing Nadars is the "Aim" of the pro-Aryan groups. Many Nadars have fallen victims to this "Fatal Trick" of the groups behind the Curtain! to destroy the 'growth of the Nadars'. Unless the Nadars realise this fact, and unite together, they may again have to fight a ' War of freedom'.

Citing all these facts, one New Research Book is recently published:

THE DRAVIDAN LINEAGES - THE NADARS THROUGH THE AGES. It is a critque of Hardgrave's book. It gives the history of Nadars from 5000BC, many Inscriptions, Copper plates, Words, photos, Icons and documents are incliuded in it. Each Nadar must have a copy of it.

Sivakasi has developed as a "Kutty Japan" with many industrial enterprises in the last 50- 100 yrs. The Adithyanar families is a boon to the community's glory. Siva Nadar is a great genius in the modern world of computers. Muthukutty Swamigal is a revolutionary Sage of 18th century who revolted aginst the King, for Nadars. WPAS, and M.A.N. are of the heroes of the 20th century AD. But there is no political awareness among the Nadars. The Nadars are divided in many ways, especially on "Religion, trade and economic positions". We should have the mind to lift up the poor among us. We should chalk out such revival programmes for unity rather than falling victims to the tricky-nets of the destroyers who have designed evil ways even in those early days of distant eras. We need dedicated leaders to lead the community. Then only the real meaning of "Santors" as ' Noble and Valiant ' vouching for the equality of the whole population of the World can be meaningful and purposeful. EITHER ABOLISH THE PRESENT CASTE-SYSTEM WHICH REDICULES SOME SECTIONS AS ' LOW - BORN ' , BY LEGISLATION, OR UNITE TOGETHER TO STRENGTHEN THE COMMUNITY. THIS ALONE CAN WIPE OFF THE CBACK TAG TIED TO YOUR NAME , " CASTE" !